Organisasi Kriminal Transnasional: Perburuan Gajah dan Perdagangan Gading Ilegal di Republik Demokratik Kongo (DRC)

Sahlawati Sahlawati; Katong Ragawi Numadi

doi:10.31604/jim.v5i2.2021.406-416

Organisasi Kriminal Transnasional: Perburuan Gajah dan Perdagangan Gading Ilegal di Republik Demokratik Kongo (DRC)

Sahlawati Sahlawati, Katong Ragawi Numadi

Abstract

Ancaman isu kontemporer jarang memperoleh perhatian internasional salah satunya tentang illicit trade yang digolongkan sebagai Transnational Organized Crime (TOC). Illicit Trade berlangsung lintas negara dan dilakukan secara ilegal. Perdagangan satwa langka merupakan salah satu bentuk illicit trade yang marak dilakukan terutama di kawasan negara berkembang di Afrika, Asia, dan Amerika Latin. Kawasan sentral Afrika termasuk Republik Demokratik Kongo (DRC) merupakan negara yang terbilang rentan terhadap aktivitas organisasi kriminal transnasional terutama dalam aspek penyelundupan satwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan permasalahan kontemporer yang jarang mendapat perhatian dari elemen global. Untuk mendapatkan data tentang pemburuan dan perdagagan gading illegal maka digunakan metode kualitatif yang bersumber dari data sekunder seperti buku, jurnal, dan artikel daring. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa masalah illicit trade mulai mendapatkan perhatian pemerintah dan masyarakat global memasuki tahun 2010-an. Respon yang dilakukan dengan memperbaiki aturan dan langkah strategis terhadap pemburu dan produsen gading illegal dengan melibatkankan seluruh elemen diantaranya Republik Demokratik Kongo, organisasi regional dan internasional, organisasi internasional non-pemerintah, dan peran dari masyarakat lokal.

Kata Kunci: Gading ilegal, organisasi criminal transnasional, Perdagangan gelap, Republik Demokratik Kongo.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/jim.v5i2.2021.406-416