DAMPAK PENGELUARAN MILITER, INVESTASI, DAN PERTUMBUHAN PDB TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
(1) * Alwan Mubarok Mail (Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)
(2) Surachman Surjaatmadja Mail (Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)
(3) Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq Mail (Universitas Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)
*corresponding author

Abstract


Tingkat kemiskinan Indonesia adalah 10,14% pada tahun 2021, artinya sekitar 27,54 juta penduduk Indonesia hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Selain itu, ketimpangan pendapatan masih tinggi, koefisien Gini sebesar 0,38. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa manfaat pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak terdistribusi secara merata dan masih banyak yang harus dilakukan untuk mengurangi kemiskinan dan ketimpangan. Salah satu faktor potensial yang dapat mempengaruhi kemiskinan dan ketimpangan di Indonesia adalah pengeluaran militer. Pengeluaran militer Indonesia adalah USD 8,8 miliar pada tahun 2021, yang hanya setara dengan 0,7% dari PDB. Hal tersebut merupakan yang terendah di ASEAN dan juga masih lebih rendah dari rata-rata global yang sebesar 2,2%. Pengeluaran militer dapat mengalihkan sumber daya dari program sosial dan pembangunan ekonomi, yang dapat menyebabkan kemiskinan. Di sisi lain, ada yang berpendapat bahwa pengeluaran militer juga dapat merangsang pertumbuhan ekonomi dan menciptakan lapangan kerja, yang pada gilirannya dapat mengurangi kemiskinan. Penelitian kami menggunakan analisis jalur. Kami menganalisis dampak langsung dan tidak langsung dari pengeluaran dan investasi militer terhadap pertumbuhan PDB dan tingkat kemiskinan. Temuan penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa pengeluaran militer per PDB dan investasi per PDB memiliki dampak langsung yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan PDB di Indonesia. Selain itu, investasi per PDB ditemukan mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia.

Keywords


Pengeluaran Militer, Investasi, Pertumbuhan PDB, Kemiskinan.

   

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v10i10.2023.4755-4767 		      

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10.31604/jips.v10i10.2023.4755-4767 Abstract views : 1328 | PDF views : 724

   

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