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(Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia)(2) Fadli Afriandi
(Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia)(3) Sopar Sopar
(Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia)*corresponding author
AbstractWarisan kebudayaan lokal menghadapi tantangan besar di era globalisasi dan modernisasi, sehingga memerlukan upaya pelestarian yang bertumpu pada masyarakat lokal. Hal ini menjadi dasar pentingnya penelitian tentang masyarakat adat dalam mempertahankan kebudayaan lokal yang diwariskan lintas generasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan masyarakat Batak di Pulau Samosir dalam memaknai upacara adat kematian sekaligus menguraikan nilai-nilai yang ada di dalamnya. Penelitian ini juga berkontribusi untuk mengelaborasi aspek-aspek yang melatarbelakangi pembentukan makna upacara adat kematian. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini merupakan bentuk dukungan terhadap masyarakat adat untuk melestarikan budaya lokal di tengah perubahan zaman yang semakin modern. Teori fenomenologi diterapkan dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis berbagai motif yang memengaruhi proses terbentuknya makna terhadap upacara adat kematian. Metode kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ditujukan untuk memperoleh pemahaman dan pengetahuan informan tentang pembentukan makna upacara adat kematian. Penentuan informan didasarkan pada kriteria khusus berupa keterlibatan dalam pelaksanaan upacara adat kematian dan kedalaman pengetahuan terhadap upacara adat kematian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya motif sebab dan motif tujuan. Motif sebab menyebutkan bahwa upacara adat adalah bentuk penghormatan terakhir, simbol kesuksesan keluarga, dan warisan kebudayaan yang harus dilestarikan. Motif tujuan menyebutkan bahwa pelaksanaan upacara adat kematian bertujuan untuk mengisyaratkan keluarga yang ditinggalkan akan mampu menjalani kehidupan yang baik. Keluarga yang mengadakan upacara adat kematian berharap ketika meninggal nanti juga dapat diiringi dengan upacara adat sebagai simbol keikhlasan. Penelitian ini tidak hanya mendeskripsikan upacara adat sebagai suatu fenomena, namun juga berhasil mendalami makna penting yang terkandung dalam upacara adat kematian KeywordsSocial Construction of Meaning; Funeral Rituals; Batak Society
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.31604/jim.v10i2.2026.1531-1543 |
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