(Universitas Kadiri, Indonesia)(2) Eko Winarti
(Universitas Kadiri, Indonesia)*corresponding author
AbstractKepatuhan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) merupakan aspek penting dalam pencegahan infeksi dan keselamatan kerja tenaga kesehatan. Namun, tingkat kepatuhan masih dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor individu, psikologis, dan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan penggunaan APD pada tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan perspektif Health Belief Model (HBM). Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020. Penelusuran artikel dilakukan pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, ProQuest, Google Scholar, dan Garuda menggunakan kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan APD, tenaga kesehatan, kepatuhan, dan Health Belief Model. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2021–2026, tersedia dalam bentuk full text, dan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Sebanyak 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan narrative synthesis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh konstruk HBM, yaitu perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, dan self-efficacy, berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan APD. Faktor lain yang turut memengaruhi adalah pengetahuan, sikap, motivasi, pengalaman kerja, pelatihan, ketersediaan APD, supervisi, budaya keselamatan, dan dukungan manajemen. Perceived benefits merupakan faktor yang paling dominan, sedangkan perceived barriers menjadi hambatan utama terhadap kepatuhan. Kepatuhan penggunaan APD dipengaruhi oleh interaksi faktor perilaku, individu, dan organisasi. Peningkatan kepatuhan memerlukan edukasi berbasis HBM, pelatihan berkelanjutan, penyediaan APD yang memadai, serta penguatan budaya keselamatan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. KeywordsAlat Pelindung Diri, Health Belief Model, kepatuhan, tenaga kesehatan, literature review
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DOIhttps://doi.org/10.31604/jpm.v9i8.3213-3223 |
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