STUDI KERAGAMAN CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN DARI BERBAGAI RIZOSFER TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN

Muhammad Agung Permadi, Rafiqah Amanda Lubis, Isrong Kinarang

Abstract


Entomopathogenic fungi often used as bioinsecticides to control pest insects. Entomopathogenic fungi infect through penetrating cuticles of insect or inedible. Entomopathogenic fungi can be found in the rhizosphere. The purpose of this study was to explore the types of entomopathogenic fungi in various rhizosphere of horticultural plants in Padangsidimpuan. This research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, South Tapanuli Muhammadiyah University. The results showed that the use of Tenebrio molitor as bait, can effectively obtain entomopathogenic fungi from the soil. The highest mortality of Tenebrio molitor where infected by entomopathogenic fungi was 64% on soybean plant and the lowest mortality due to infection of entomopathogenic fungi was 11% on mustard plants. There was only one genus of entomopathogenic fungi found in this study was Metarhizium sp.

 Keywords: soil, Metarhizium, Tenebrio molitor, infect, moist chamber


References


Ali-Shtayeh MS, Mara’i AB, Jamous RM. 2003. Distribution, occurrence and

characterization of entomopathogenic fungi in agricultural soil in the Palestinian area. Mycopathologia. 156 (3):235-244.

Amalia R. 2008. Ragam cendawan entomopatogen dikawasan Cagar Alam Telaga Warna, Cisarua Bogor [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): IPB

Aung OM, Soytong K, Hyde KD. 2008. Diversity of entomopathogenic fungi in rainforests of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Fungal Divers 30: 15-22.

Barnet HL, Hunter BB. 1972. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. 3th Edition.Minnesota (US): Burgess Publishing Comp.

BKMG Padangsidimpuan. 2017. Rata-rata Suhu dan Kelembaban Udara Menurut Bulan di Kota Padangsidimpuan 2017. https:// padangsidimpuankota.bps.go.id/statictable/2017/01/11/168/rata-rata-suhu-

dan-kelembaban-udara-menurut-bulan-di-kota-padangsidimpuan-2015.html. Diakses tanggal 5 September 2018.

Carlile MJ, Watkinson SC, Goodday GW. 2001. The Fungi. 2nd. New York (US): Academic Pr.

Darmawan E. 2016. Eksplorasi jamur entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana, Metar- hizium anisopliae dan jamur antagonis Trichoderma sp pada beberapa sam-pel tanah pertanaman tembakau. [skripsi]. Jember (ID): UNEJ.

Herlis R, Kusumawardhani G, Nugroho IA, Aryo RK. 2009. Ragam cendawan entomopatogen di Wana Wisata Cangkuang. Bogor (ID): IPB

Luangsa-ard JJ, Tasanatai K, Mongkolsamrit S, Hywel-Jones NL, Spatafora JW. 2006. The Collection, Isolation, and Taxonomy of Invertebrate-Pathogenic Fungi [Workshop Manual]. Klong Luang (TH): National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA).

Luangsa-ard JJ, Tasanathai K,Mongkolsamrit S, Hywel-Jones N. 2008. Atlas of Invertebrate-Pathogenic Fungi of Thailand (Volume 2). Klong Luang (TH): National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC).

Margolang RD, Jamilah, Sembiring M. 2015. Karakteristik beberapa sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah pada sistem pertanian organik. J. Online Agroteknologi. 3(2):717-723

Nuraida, Hasyim A. 2009. Isolasi, identifikasi, dan karakterisasi jamur entomopatogen dari rizosfir pertanaman kubis. J. Hort. 19 (4):419-432.

Permadi MA, Lubis RA, Sari D. 2018. Eksplorasi cendawan entomopatogen dari berbagai rizosfer tanaman hortikultura di beberapa wilayah Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Agritech. 20 (1): 23-32.

Pracaya. 2008. Petunjuk Pembuatan Biopestisida Botani. Bogor: Niaga Swadaya

Prayogo Y, Tengkano W, Marwoto. 2005. Prospek cendawan entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae untuk mengendalikan ulat grayak Spodoptera litura pada kedelai. J Litbang Pertanian. 24 (1): 19-26.

Rai D, Updhyay V, Mehra P, Rana M, Pandey AK. 2014. Potential of entomo- pathogenic fungi as biopesticides. Ind J Sci Res and Tech. 2(5):7-13.

Sapieha-Waszkiewics A, Marjanska-Cichon B, Piwowarczyk Z. 2005. The Occurrence of Entomophatogenic Fungi In The Soil From The Plantations of Black Currant and Aronia. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. 8 (1): 1-8

Sosa-Gomez DR, Delpin KE, Moscardi F, Farias JRB. 2001. Natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium, Beauveria, and Paecilomyces in soybean under till and no-till cultivation systems. Neotropical Entomology. 30 (3): 407-410.

Tanada Y, Kaya HK. 1993. Insect Pathology. California (US): Academic Pr. Inc.

Untung K. 2006. Pengantar Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu (Edisi Kedua). Yogyakarta (ID): UGM Gadjah Mada University Press.

Watanabe T. 2002. Pictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi: Morphologies of

Cultured Fungi and Key to Species. 2nd Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/eksakta.v4i1.1-9

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 5062 times
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) - 4577 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.