PENGARUH DOSIS SALINITAS TERHADAP KARAKTER AGRONOMI DAN FISIOLOGI BEBERAPA TANAMAN PADI GOGO VARIETAS LOKAL
Abstract
Salinitas dapat mempengaruhi karakter morfofisiologi dan biokimia tanaman padi gogo. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan pengaruh varietas, dosis salinitas, dan interaksinya terhadap karakteristik agronomi dan fisiologi tanaman padi gogo serta menskrining beberapa varietas padi gogo pada cekaman salinitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dilahan petani di Medan Selayang, Kota Medan pada Mei sampai Oktober 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 faktor pada 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu varietas padi gogo (P1= Sigambiri Merah; P2= Inpago-8; P3= Sigambiri Putih; P4 = Ramos) dan faktor kedua dosis salinitas (0, 4, 8, 12 dS/m). Parameter dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan rataan diuji lanjut dengan DMRT 5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa varietas sigambiri putih, ramos, dan sigambiri merah tergolong agak peka terhadap cekaman salinitas (4-12 dS/m). Terjadi hambatan jumlah daun, jumlah anakan produktif, volume akar, bobor basah akar, bobot kering akar, panjang daun bendera, jumlah bulir berisi, bobot bulir berisi, dan produksi/ha tanaman padi gogo seiring dengan peningkatan dosis salinitas sampai 12 dS/m. Interaksi varietas ramos dengan salinitas 12 dS/m menunjukkan jumlah bulir hampa tertinggi (1314,33 bulir) dibandingkan interaksi lainnya.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdelgadir, E. M., Oka, M., & Fujiyama, H. (2005). Nitrogen nutrition of rice plants under salinity. Biologia Plantarum, 49(1), 99-104.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. (2011). Road Map. Strategi Sektor Pertanian Menghadapi Perubahan Iklim (Revisi) Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta.
Bhargava, S., & Sawant, K. (2013). Drought stress adaptation: metabolic adjustment and regulation of gene expression. Plant Breeding, 132(1), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.12004.
Bohn, H. L., McNeal, B. L., & O’Connor, G. A. (1985). Soil chemistry. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Cha‐Um, S., Supaibulwatana, K., & Kirdmanee, C. (2007). Glycinebetaine accumulation, physiological characterizations and growth efficiency in salt‐ tolerant and salt‐sensitive lines of indica rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) in response to salt stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 193(3), 157- 166. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2007.00251.x.
Chunthaburee, S., Dongsansuk, A., Sanitchon, J., Pattanagul, W., & Theerakulpisut, P. (2016). Physiological and biochemical parameters for evaluation and clustering of rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance at seedling stage. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(4), 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.05.013.
Clermont-Dauphin, C., Suwannang, N., Grünberger, O., Hammecker, C., & Maeght, J. L. (2010). Yield of rice under water and soil salinity risks in farmers’ fields in northeast Thailand. Field Crops Research, 118(3), 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.06.009.
Cramer, G. R., Epstein, E., & Läuchli, A. (1988). Kinetics of root elongation of maize in response to short-term exposure to NaCl and elevated calcium concentration. Journal of Experimental Botany, 39(11), 1513-1522. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/39.11.1513.
Fageria, N. K. (1985). Salt tolerance of rice cultivars. Plant and Soil, 88(2), 237- 243. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182450.
Farooq, M., Hussain, M., Wakeel, A., & Siddique, K. H. (2015). Salt stress in maize: effects, resistance mechanisms, and management. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 35(2), 461-481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-015-0287-0.
Gadalla, A. M., Hamdy, A., Galal, Y. G. M., Aziz, H. A. A., & Mohamed, M. A. A. (2007). Evaluation of maize grown under salinity stress and N application strategies using stable nitrogen isotope. In 8th African Crop Science Society Conference, El-Minia, Egypt, 27-31 October 2007 (pp. 1653-1662). African Crop Science Society.
García, M. J., Lucena, C., Romera, F. J., Alcántara, E., & Pérez-Vicente, R. (2010). Ethylene and nitric oxide involvement in the up-regulation of key genes related to iron acquisition and homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(14), 3885-3899. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq203.
Gomez, K. A. (1976) statistical procedures for agricultural research with emphasis on rice. International rice Institute, Los Banos, Philipnies. 294p.
Gong, X., Chao, L., Zhou, M., Hong, M., Luo, L., Wang, L., Ying, W., Jingwei, C., Songjie, G., & Fashui, H. (2011). Oxidative damages of maize seedlings caused by exposure to a combination of potassium deficiency and salt stress. Plant and Soil, 340(1), 443-452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0616-7.
Grattan, S. R., Zeng, L., Shannon, M. C., & Roberts, S. R. (2002). Rice is more sensitive to salinity than previously thought. California Agriculture, 56(6), 189-195.
Horie, T., Karahara, I., & Katsuhara, M. (2012). Salinity tolerance mechanisms in glycophytes: An overview with the central focus on rice plants. Rice, 5(1), 1- 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1939-8433-5-11.
Hu, Y., Burucs, Z., von Tucher, S., & Schmidhalter, U. (2007). Short-term effects of drought and salinity on mineral nutrient distribution along growing leaves of maize seedlings. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 60(2), 268-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2006.11.003.
Hussain, S., Zhang, J. H., Zhong, C., Zhu, L. F., Cao, X. C., Yu, S. M., Allen, B. J., Hu, J. J., & Jin, Q. Y. (2017). Effects of salt stress on rice growth, development characteristics, and the regulating ways: A review. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(11), 2357-2374. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095- 3119(16)61608-8.
Isah, T. (2019). Stress and defense responses in plant secondary metabolites production. Biological Research, 52(39), 1-25.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40659-019-0246-3.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/jap.v8i3.12042
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 185 timesPDF - 125 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Jurnal AGROHITA
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan
Jl. Stn Mhd Arief N0 32 Kota Padangsidimpuan, Sumatera Utara
ISSN Online : 2615-336X ISSN Cetak : 2541-5956
